7.1 Loan Words

 LOAN WORDS

A loan word is a word adopted from one language and incorporated into a different, recipient language without translation, These words and phrases could be borrowed from languages like French, Latin, German, Hindi, etc. Sometimes, there may be a slight change in the pronunciation, and therefore spelling of the word. After constant use, these words become a part of the English language. Some words are given below :

Words borrowed from Hindi : (1) bangle - a type of bracelet (2) bungalow - a big house (3) chapati -a type of thin bread made from wheat powder (4) chit - a letter or note (5) chutney - something crushed (6) cot - a bed (7) dacoit - someone who is a part of a gang who engage in planned robbery (and murder) (8) dinghy -small boat (9) jungle - forest (10) loot - the proceeds of a robbery (11) pyjamas -a garment covering the legs (12) thug – thief (13) toddy -juice of the palm tree (14) verandah -a covered place just outside the house for relaxing

Words borrowed from other languages : (1) a deux - involving two people (2) ad infinitum - without limit, endlessly (3) ad interim - in the meantime (4) alumni -ex-students of a college (5) anno domino – in the year of our Lord (A.D.) (6) ante meridiem- between midnight and noon (a.m.) (7) bizarre - very peculiar, very strange (8) bona fide -genuine, real (9) café- coffee house (10) carte blanche - complete freedom to act as one wishes (11) chauffeur - car driver (12) de trop- not wanted (13) deja vu - a sense of having experienced something before (14) en route - on the way (15) et cetera -- and the rest  (16) ex gratia - given as a favour (17) genre - style or type (18) id est - that is (i.e.) (19) in absentia - while not present (20) in camera - in private (21) magnum opus - the most important work of an artist (22) modus operandi - way of doing something (23) per annum - for each year (24) per capita - per individual (25) post meridiem - after mid-day (p.m.) (26) post scriptum - something written later (p.s.) (27) versus - against (28) vice versa - in opposed ways (29) videlicet - namely (viz.) (30) viva-voce - oral test Some more words : harem, safari, sofa, sultan, sherbet, tariff, banana, cola, dengue. jamboree, jumbo, voodoo, zombie, cigar, guerilla, hurricane, macho, ranch siesta halcony, graffiti, saloon, villa, blitz, kaput, kindergarten, kitsch, cookie, booze, commando

         Sample Questions 

  1. Choose the correct English meaning of the given non-English

            siesta

  (1) to see straight (2) an afternoon rest or nap (3) a type of hat (4) did you see?

 2. Choose the correct non-English word for the given meaning :

       on the way

   (1) de trop (2) ex gratia (3) en route (4) id est

  3. Find out the non-English word from the given sentence : (2017)

     Paramvir Chakra is India's highest military decoration.

(1) India (2) Military (3) Paramvir Chakra (4) Decoration