3.3 Types of Sentences (Simple, Compound, Complex)
| TYPES OF SENTENCES (Simple, Compound, Complex) |
A Simple sentence is one which has only one finite verb and independent (main) clause.
e.g. (1) Sahil won a prize yesterday.
(2) I love Uncle Ronald.
(3) My Uncle Ronald is not a good writer.
Each of the sentences given above is an independent or main clause. Such sentences called Simple sentences.
2. Compound sentences : Often, sentences have more than one subject and predicate.
e.g. (1) (The story had been copied) and (everyone knew it).
(2). [ She is an actress) but (I haven't seen her films ).
(3) (He is very learned] but she is not a good writer).
In these sentences, each part with its own subject and predicate, is a clause. Each of these clauses can stand independently. Such clauses are known as coordinate clauses. The two clauses in each sentence are joined by the conjunctions and' or 'but'. Conjunctions that join independent clauses are known as coordinators. Such sentences are known as Compound sentences.
3. Complex sentences :
The same sentences mentioned above can be written in another
way :
(1) Everyone knew that the story had been copied.
(2) She is an actress whose films I have not seen.
(3) Although he is very learned, he is not a good writer.
In each of these sentences, the underlined clauses cannot stand independently. They are known as dependent clauses or subordinate clauses. The conjunctions 'that', 'whose' and although' that begin such clauses are known as subordinators. Such sentences are called Complex sentences.
Sample Questions
Q 1. Identify the type of sentence and choose the correct option :
If you do not hurry, we shall miss the show.
(1) Simple (2) Compound
(3) Complex (4) Exclamatory
Explanation : The sentence contains an Adverb clause of condition, which is a subordinate clause. Hence the sentence is a Complex sentence. Hence option (3) is the answer.
Q 2. Which of the options is the correct combined form of the given pair of sentences ?
I went to a place. My friends were playing there.
(1) My friends were playing because I went to a place.
(2) I went to a place where my friends were playing.
(3) I went to a place though my friends were playing.
(4) I went to a place that my friends were playing there.
Explanation : Only Option 2 is correct. Hence option (2) is the answer.
Q3. Pick out the correct simple sentence :
(1) The girl who is wearing a pink dress is my sister.
(2) The girl who wears a pink dress is my sister.
(3) The girl in the pink dress is my sister.
(4) The girl is wearing a pink my sister.
Explanation : Only sentence (3) has one finite verb (is) and is correctly framed. Hence, option (3) is the answer.
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